Jill Maschio, PhD
August 13, 2023
The human brain is a remarkable organ that never ceases to amaze. It’s the epicenter of all our thoughts, emotions, and actions, and its ability to learn is nothing short of extraordinary. But have you ever wondered about the intricate processes that take place within our brain when we learn something new? The process of learning is fascinating. It is a complex process, but science is learning more and more what happens at the neural level we we learn.
Every since birth, the brain has been changing – changing with every new information it takes in and stores as long-term memory. it is this process that makes it all possible to adapt and function to an ever changing world that occurs right before our eyes. Neuroplasticity has revolutionized how we see the world. It was once the common belief in the field of science that the brain was fixed at birth. That no new brain cells were birthed, but instead the brain cells competed for competition, and the brain cells that didn’t win the competition, would eventually die off. In this blog post, we will explore the science behind how the brain learns, the role of neuroplasticity in learning, and why knowing about neuroplasticity is key to a career in the educational industry.
Join us as we delve into the world of neurology and uncover the secrets behind how the brain learns.
What is neuroplasticity?
Neuroplasticity is the ability of the brain to change and adapt in response to new experiences, challenges, and information. The brain is not a static organ, but a dynamic one, capable of creating new neural connections or pathways, modifying existing ones, and even generating new neurons. The brain has the ability to birth new brain cells throughout one’s life time. It this ability of the brain that we marvel at.
When you were a child, chances are you learned to ride a bike. Neuroplasticity is a complex interplay between different parts of the brain, such as the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, and the basal ganglia. These areas work together to form and consolidate memories, build new skills, and enhance cognitive functions such as attention, perception, and decision-making while learning to ride your bike.
Neuroplasticity: The Brain’s Adaptive Superpower
One of the brain’s most astonishing attributes is its ability to adapt and rewire itself—a phenomenon known as neuroplasticity. This means that throughout our lives, our brains can form new connections and modify existing ones based on our experiences. Whether we’re learning a new language, mastering a musical instrument, or acquiring a new skill, the brain’s neuroplasticity allows us to mold our cognitive landscape.
The Neurons: Building Blocks of Learning
At the heart of the brain’s learning process are neurons—tiny, interconnected cells that form a complex network responsible for transmitting information. When we learn, these neurons communicate through electrical impulses, creating connections called synapses. The more frequently a connection is used, the stronger it becomes, resulting in the consolidation of knowledge and skills.
The more we learn about a topic, the more connections are made within a group of neurons. This is called a neural circuit.
What is the role of neurons and neuroplasticity in learning?
Neuroplasticity plays a critical role in the learning process by enabling the brain to change and adapt to new information and experiences. The brain is doing the same when students are learning in the classroom as when learning to ride a bike. As the brain is receiving new information and processing it, several things may occur.
- An existing neural circuit could become stronger and denser as new information is added to it.
- The neural circuit is strengthened as it is activated and re-activated.
- A newly birthed neuron could migrate to an existing neural circuit to become part of it.
In other words, when we learn something new, our brain creates new neural connections and strengthens existing ones, building a network of neurons that encode the new information. This process is called synaptic plasticity, and it involves the modification of the strength and efficacy of the synapses, the connections between neurons.
Synaptic plasticity is influenced by various factors such as the frequency and intensity of the stimulation, the timing and duration of the activity, and the release of neurotransmitters. By modulating the strength of synapses, neuroplasticity enables the brain to store and retrieve memories, build new skills, and adapt to changing environments.
Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval
Learning involves several stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval. During encoding, the short-term or working brain processes new information and transforms it into a format it can store – something meaningful. This stored information then becomes part of our long-term memory through a process called consolidation. When we retrieve that information, the brain re-activates the associated neural circuit.
Emotions and Learning
Emotions play a pivotal role in the learning process. When we attach emotions to information, it becomes more memorable and easier to recall. Positive emotions, such as curiosity and interest, can enhance learning by increasing dopamine levels, which promote engagement and focus. On the other hand, negative emotions like stress can hinder learning, as they trigger the release of cortisol, which can impair memory formation.
Taking Neuroscience to Curriculum
Having an understanding of the neural processes while learning is key to developing curriculum that aligns with how the brain learns. It is with the knowledge of how the brain learns that educators can change the outcomes of students success by developing well-structured curriculum that raises the bar in education.
- Educators can learn how to specifically apply neuroscience to curriculum in just a few short weeks with my online course. Click here to learn more.
Conclusion
The human brain’s capacity for learning is a testament to its complexity and adaptability. From the intricate dance of neurons to the power of neuroplasticity, our brains are constantly evolving as we engage with the world around us. As we continue to unravel the mysteries of the brain’s learning processes, we gain insights that can revolutionize education, enhance our cognitive abilities, and empower us to unlock new realms of knowledge and skills.
So, the next time you’re in a classroom, picking up a new hobby, or even just having a conversation, remember that your brain is working tirelessly to weave the fabric of understanding. Embrace the awe-inspiring journey of learning, for it’s a voyage that shapes not only your intellect but also the very essence of who you are.
